General note: Current vocabulary should be memorized and is highlighted
Scientific Method
Observation: use your 5 senses (taste, touch, hear, see, smell)
Hypothesis: An educated guess about a situation based on evidence
If (guess about a situation), then (predict using words like “might” “will” “could”)
CER: Claim, Evidence, Reasoning
Light and Matter
Light- information for our eyes (without light traveling from objects to our eyes, we can’t see)
- Reflection- when light bounces off of a surface (not just a mirror, but any object!)
- Refraction- when light bends as it passes from one material to another
- Absorption- the energy from light is absorbed into an object (like a black sweater warming up in the sun)
- Transmission- Light passes straight through a material (like through a window)
- Focal Point- a point where light beams cross, causing the image to be upside down
- Concave Mirror– a mirror that curves inward (like a cave). When light hits a concave mirror, there is a focal point and the reflection is upside down.
- Convex Mirror– a mirror that curves outward. When light hits a convex mirror, there is no focal point and the reflection is right side up.
Ex: Flipping Arrow Experiment – Refraction for kids
Ex: Why Am I Upside-Down When I Look in a Spoon?
- Photon– Energy particle of light
- Electromagnetic Wave– The spectrum of all light (visible and invisible)
- Electromagnetic spectrum simulator: Electromagnetic Spectrum Simulator – Physics & Light Tool
- Wave Height– How tall a wave is
- Amplitude– How tall a wave is (from the middle to the top) High Amplitude= bright, Low Amplitude= dim
- Frequency– How spread out a wave is/how scrunched up it is (also, how fast it is traveling) Different frequency = different colors
- Light Wave Simulator: Waves Intro
Thermal Energy
Unit 2 Storyline: https://openscied-uploads-production.s3.amazonaws.com/G6_UTH/parts/storyline.pdf
Thermal Energy– How much heat energy a particle has (high T.E. is HOT!)
Kinetic Energy– How much motion a particle has (high K.E. is moving a lot!)
Atom– Smallest particle of matter
Molecule– More than one atom stuck together with a chemical bond
Conduction– When particles hit each other, causing energy to transfer
Convection– When hot particles float up and cold particles sink down
- Condensation– Particles of gas cool down, get denser, and become liquid
- Evaporation– Particles of liquid get warmer, get less dense, and become gas
- Density– how much stuff in some space (high density= lots of stuff in a little space, low density= not much stuff in the space)
Weather
Unit 3 Storyline: https://openscied-uploads-production.s3.amazonaws.com/G6_UWC/parts/storyline.pdf
Step 1: Radiation- Sun warms the Earth’s ground particles
Step 2: Conduction- The Earth’s particles warm the air particles
eather Fronts: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dwIQds-4I7I
Warm fronts have warmer air high up + high humidity
Cold fronts have colder air high up + low humidity
Rain Shadow Effect: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iMu4dShS74w
Condense: particles increase in density (from gas to liquid, causing rain or snow to fall
Earth’s Structure
Unit Storyline: https://openscied-uploads-production.s3.amazonaws.com/G6_UPT/parts/storyline.pdf
Unit Storyline: https://openscied-uploads-production.s3.amazonaws.com/G6_UNH/parts/storyline.pdf
- The Earth is layered because of the different densities of each material. The core is the most dense, the crust is the least dense.
- The plates move around like a conveyer belt because of CONVECTION CURRENTS in the mantle magma
- The above image shows a convergent plate boundary with subduction of the oceanic plate. The oceanic plate is more dense and sinks under the continental plate (which is less dense).
- The continents have crashed together and broken apart many times in Earth’s history
I identify Igneous Rocks by the following characteristics:
- Very Hard (usually)
- Bubbly/full of holes (Extrusive)
- Full of crystals and speckles (Intrusive)
I identify Metamorphic Rocks by the following characteristics:
- Pretty Hard
- All one flat color (Non-foliated)
- Stripes and layers that are not straight (Foliated)
I identify Sedimentary Rocks by the following characteristics:
- Soft/powdery
- Flat layers (layered sedimentary- sometimes with fossils!)
- Filled with smaller rocks and sand (conglomerate)
Blooket Links (email Mrs. Ernest if links don’t work):
- Draw a model of reflection, refraction, absorption, and transmission
- Explain how sensory receptors (like eyes) send information to the brain
- Draw particles in each state of matter, showing motion and density
- Show particles before and after thermal energy is added
- Explain the three ways energy can transfer
- Draw a model showing the three ways energy can transfer
- Is this claim true or false? Explain. “When the kinetic energy of something changes, energy must have been transferred to the object”
- Explain how insulation reduces conduction
- Explain how warm air at the equator and cold air at the poles relate to Convection Currents
- Draw a model of the water cycle, labeling where gravity or the sun’s radiation is involved
- Explain how air masses meeting at weather fronts can change the weather
- How is the movement of Earth’s plates similar to a conveyor belt? What causes the plates to move?
- In a cross-section of a hill, where would you find the oldest and newest rock? Explain.
- Explain one fast change to a landform and one slow change to a landform
- Explain two pieces of evidence Wegner used to support his theory of plate tectonics
- What are some ways we can prepare for natural disasters?
- What are some criteria to design a quality earthquake-proof building? (think of what should be included and what might limit these designs)
- What is a cell?
- How do cells work together to keep you alive?
- Rank from small to large: organism, organelle, organ, cell, tissue
- What is a neuron cell? How does it work?